Kodi mungasankhe bwanji mipando ya mahotela aku US yomwe ikugwirizana ndi malamulo am'deralo ndi miyezo yachitetezo?

Kutsatira malamulo a mipando aku US ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti ntchito za hotelo ziyende bwino. Zinthu zosatsatira malamulo zimakhudza mwachindunji chitetezo cha alendo ndipo zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zazikulu pazamalamulo.

Kuvulala komwe kumachitika kawirikawiri chifukwa cha mipando ya hotelo yosatsatira malamulo ndi komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mipando kapena zida zolakwika, monga mipando yogwa, mabedi osweka, kapena zida zochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi zomwe sizikugwira ntchito bwino.
Mahotela ayenera kusankha mipando ya hotelo motsatira malamulo kuti achepetse zoopsazi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti alendo ali bwino.

Mfundo Zofunika Kwambiri

• Mahotela ayenera kutsatira malamulo a mipando aku US. Izi zimateteza alendo. Zimathandizanso kupewa mavuto azamalamulo.
• Malamulo ofunikira ndi okhudza chitetezo cha moto, mwayi wopeza alendo olumala, komanso utsi woipa wa mankhwala. Mahotela ayenera kuyang'ana malamulowa.
• Sankhani ogulitsa abwinoPemphani ziphaso. Izi zimathandiza kuonetsetsa kuti mipando ikukwaniritsa miyezo yonse yachitetezo ndi malamulo.

Kutsatira Malamulo Ofunika Kwambiri a US a Mipando ya Hotelo

Kusankhamipando ya hotelokumafuna kumvetsetsa bwino malamulo osiyanasiyana aku US. Miyezo imeneyi imatsimikizira chitetezo cha alendo, kupezeka mosavuta, komanso udindo pa chilengedwe. Mahotela ayenera kutsatira zofunikira izi kuti apewe nkhani zamalamulo ndikusunga mbiri yabwino.

Kumvetsetsa Miyezo Yoyaka Moto ya Mipando ya ku Hotelo

Miyezo yokhudza kuyaka moto ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa chitetezo cha hotelo. Malamulowa cholinga chake ndi kupewa kapena kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa moto, kuteteza alendo ndi katundu. Miyezo ingapo yofunika kwambiri imalamulira mipando yopangidwa ndi upholstery m'mahotela aku US.

• California TB 117-2013 (Cal 117): Muyezo uwu umakhazikitsa zofunikira zachitetezo pa mipando yoponderezedwa. Umayesa kukana kwa chinthu chomwe chimayatsira ndudu. Kuti zitheke, nsalu siyenera kupsa kwa mphindi zoposa 45, kukhala ndi kutalika kwa kutentha kosakwana 45mm, komanso kusayatsa moto. Mayiko ambiri aku US ndi Canada amatsatira muyezo uwu chifukwa cha kukula kwakukulu kwa msika ku California komanso malamulo okhwima okhudza moto.
• NFPA 260 / UFAC (Bungwe Loona za Mipando Yopangidwa ndi Upholstered): Muyezo uwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa mipando yopanda nyumba, kuphatikizapo mahotela. Umafuna kuti kutalika kwa char kusapitirire mainchesi 1.8 (45mm). Thovu silingayakenso likayesedwa ndi thovu losalimba kwambiri losalimba.
• Nkhani ya California 133 (CAL 133)Lamuloli likukamba makamaka za kuyaka kwa mipando yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito 'm'malo opezeka anthu ambiri,' monga nyumba za boma ndi maofesi okhala ndi anthu khumi kapena kuposerapo. Mosiyana ndi CAL 117, CAL 133 imafuna kuyesa mipando yonse, osati zigawo zake zokha. Izi zimayang'ana mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsalu, zophimba, ndi zipangizo za chimango.
• Mu 2021, muyezo watsopano wa boma woteteza moto wa mipando yophimbidwa ndi upholstery unayamba kugwira ntchito. Nyumba yamalamulo inalamula muyezo uwu mu lamulo lothandizira COVID. Muyeso uwu wa boma ukutsatira muyezo wa ku California wokhudza kuyaka kwa mipando, TB-117-2013, womwe umakhudza makamaka moto womwe ukuyaka.

Opanga ayenera kuchita mayeso osiyanasiyana kuti atsimikizire kuti akutsatira malamulo. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Nkhani Zaukadaulo ku California (TB) 117-2013: Chikalatachi chikugwira ntchito pa nsalu zophimba, zinthu zotchingira, ndi zinthu zodzaza zolimba zomwe zili m'mipando yophimbidwa ndi upholstery. Chimafuna mayeso enieni oyaka moto pa nsalu zophimba, zinthu zotchingira, ndi zinthu zodzaza zolimba. Mipando yophimbidwa ndi upholstery yomwe yapambana mayesowa iyenera kukhala ndi chizindikiro chokhazikika chonena kuti: 'Ikutsatira zofunikira za US CPSC pa mipando yophimbidwa ndi upholstery'.
• ASTM E1537 - Njira Yoyesera Yodziwika Bwino Yoyesera Moto wa Mipando Yokhala ndi UpholsteryMuyezo uwu umakhazikitsa njira yoyesera momwe mipando yophimbidwa ndi upholstery imayankhira moto m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri ikayaka moto.
• NFPA 260 - Njira Zoyesera Zambale ndi Njira Yogawa Magulu a Kukana Kuyatsa Ndudu kwa Zigawo za Mipando Yopangidwa ndi UpholsteryMuyezo uwu umakhazikitsa njira zoyesera ndikugawa kukana kwa zipangizo za mipando yophimbidwa ndi upholstery ku ndudu zoyaka.

Kutsatira Malamulo a ADA Posankha Mipando ya Mahotela

Lamulo la Americans with Disabled Act (ADA) limatsimikizira kuti alendo onse akhoza kulowamo. Mahotela ayenera kusankha ndikukonzekeramipando ya hotelokukwaniritsa malangizo enieni a ADA, makamaka zipinda za alendo.

• Kutalika kwa BediNgakhale kuti ADA sipereka malangizo enieni, mahotela ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti mabedi akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu olumala. ADA National Network imalimbikitsa kutalika kwa bedi pakati pa mainchesi 20 mpaka 23 kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba pa matiresi. Mabedi okwera kwambiri kuposa mainchesi 20 angayambitse mavuto kwa ogwiritsa ntchito olumala. Malangizo ena amati pamwamba pa matiresi payenera kukhala pakati pa mainchesi 17 mpaka 23 kuchokera pansi kuti zikhale zosavuta kusamutsa.
• Madesiki ndi Matebulo: Matebulo ndi madesiki omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ayenera kukhala ndi kutalika kosapitirira mainchesi 34 komanso osapitirira mainchesi 28 pamwamba pa pansi. Amafunika malo osachepera mainchesi 27 pakati pa pansi ndi pansi pa tebulo. Malo otseguka pansi a mainchesi 30 ndi mainchesi 48 ndi ofunikira pamalo aliwonse okhala, otalikirana mainchesi 19 pansi pa tebulo kuti miyendo ndi bondo zisamatseguke.
• Malo Oyera a Paseji ndi Pansi: Mabedi, mipando, ndi mipando ina iyenera kukhala ndi malo otseguka osachepera mainchesi 36 kuti munthu azitha kuyenda bwino. Malo ogona osachepera amodzi ayenera kukhala ndi malo omveka bwino pansi a mainchesi 30 m'lifupi ndi mainchesi 48 mbali zonse ziwiri za bedi, zomwe zimathandiza kuti munthu azitha kuyenda bwino. Malo omveka bwino pansi awa amatsimikizira kuti alendo amatha kuyendetsa mipando ya olumala kapena zinthu zina zothandizira kuyenda bwino.
• Malo Ogulitsira MagetsiAlendo ayenera kukhala okonzeka kufika pa malo olumikizira magetsi mosavuta. Malo oika mipando sayenera kulepheretsa anthu kupeza zinthu zofunikazi.

Miyezo Yotulutsa Mankhwala Pa Zipangizo Zapakhomo Zapahotelo

Utsi wochokera ku zipangizo za mipando ukhoza kukhudza mpweya wa m'nyumba komanso thanzi la alendo. Malamulo ndi ziphaso zimakhudza Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) ndi zinthu zina zoopsa.

• Malire a VOC ndi Formaldehyde: Miyezo monga UL Greenguard Gold ndi CARB Phase 2 imakhazikitsa malire ovomerezeka a mpweya woipa.

• Mankhwala Oletsedwa: Muyezo wa Green Seal GS-33 wa Mahotela ndi Malo Ogona umatchula zoletsa za utoto, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhudzana ndi zipangizo za mipando. Umaika malire a VOC pa utoto womangidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, utoto suyenera kukhala ndi zitsulo zolemera kapena zinthu zoopsa zachilengedwe monga antimony, cadmium, lead, mercury, formaldehyde, ndi phthalate esters.
• Chitsimikizo cha Greenguard: Chitsimikizo chodziyimira pawokha ichi chimayesa kwambiri zinthu zotulutsa mpweya woipa monga formaldehyde, VOCs, ndi carbon monoxide. Chimathandiza kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu, kuphatikizapo mipando, zikukwaniritsa zofunikira pa mpweya wamkati.

Chitetezo Chazinthu Zonse ndi Kukhazikika kwa Mipando ya Hotelo

Kupatula kuyaka ndi kutulutsa mankhwala, chitetezo ndi kukhazikika kwa zinthu ndizofunikira kwambiri. Mipando iyenera kukhala yotetezeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, kupewa kuvulala chifukwa cha kugwa, kuwonongeka kwa kapangidwe kake, kapena zinthu zoopsa.

• Kukhazikika ndi Kukana Kupitilira: Mipando, makamaka zinthu zazitali monga zovala ndi ma dresser, ziyenera kukhala zokhazikika kuti zisawonongeke ndi ngozi zogwa. Ngozi izi zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri, makamaka kwa ana. CPSC idavomereza muyezo wodzifunira wa ASTM F2057-23 ngati muyezo wofunikira wachitetezo pa Epulo 19, 2023, kuti zisagwedezeke ndi mipando. Muyezo uwu umagwira ntchito ku malo osungira zovala omwe ali ndi mainchesi 27 kapena kupitirira. Zofunikira zazikulu pakugwirira ntchito zikuphatikizapo mayeso okhazikika pa kapeti, ndi ma drawer odzaza, ndi ma drawer angapo otseguka, ndikuyerekeza kulemera kwa ana mpaka mapaundi 60. Chipangizocho sichiyenera kugwade kapena kuthandizidwa ndi drawer kapena chitseko chotseguka chokha panthawi yoyesa.
• Chitetezo cha Zipangizo ndi PoizoniZipangizo za mipando (matabwa, mipando, zitsulo, pulasitiki, thovu) ziyenera kukhala zopanda mankhwala oopsa. Zikalata monga Greenguard Gold ndi malamulo monga California Proposition 65 zimateteza zinthuzo. Malamulo amathetsa mavuto monga lead mu utoto, formaldehyde mu zinthu zopangidwa ndi matabwa, komanso kuletsa zinthu zina zoletsa moto.
• Kukhulupirika kwa KapangidweKapangidwe kake, kuphatikizapo chimango, zolumikizira, ndi zipangizo, ziyenera kutsimikizira kulimba. Izi zimateteza mavuto monga kugwa kapena kupindika. Zolumikizira zabwino (monga dovetail, mortise ndi tenon), zipangizo zolimba (matabwa olimba, zitsulo), ndi kuwerengera kulemera koyenera ndikofunikira.
• Zoopsa za Makina: Mipando iyenera kupewa zoopsa kuchokera ku zipangizo zamakina. Mphepete zakuthwa, zigawo zotuluka, ndi zomangamanga zosakhazikika zingayambitse kuvulala. Akuluakulu oyang'anira zinthu monga CPSC amakhazikitsa miyezo ya zinthu monga mipando yopindika ya ana ndi mabedi ogona kuti athetse zoopsazi.

Malamulo Omanga Nyumba Zakumaloko ndi Zofunikira kwa Woyang'anira Moto pa Mipando ya Hotelo

Malamulo omanga nyumba ndi malamulo a woyang'anira ozimitsa moto nthawi zambiri amalamulira momwe mahotela amakonzera mipando, makamaka pankhani ya njira zotulukira ndi chitetezo cha moto. Ngakhale kuti malamulo omanga nyumba amaganizira kwambiri za kukhazikika kwa kapangidwe ka nyumba ndi makina onse ozimitsa moto, oyang'anira ozimitsa moto amaonetsetsa kuti njirazo ndi zolondola.

• Njira Zotulukira: Malo otulukira mwadzidzidzi ayenera kukhala opanda choletsa chilichonse chokhala ndi m'lifupi mwake osachepera mainchesi 28. Kuchepetsa kulikonse kwa m'lifupi mwake, choletsa chilichonse (monga malo osungiramo zinthu, mipando, kapena zida), kapena chitseko chilichonse chotsekedwa chomwe chimafuna kiyi yotulukira ndi kuphwanya lamulo nthawi yomweyo. Ogwira ntchito zachitetezo nthawi zambiri amachita maulendo oyendayenda mosalekeza m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri komanso m'zipinda za alendo kuti anene za zoletsa, makamaka zomwe zimaletsa njira zotulukira mwadzidzidzi.
• Kutsekereza mipandoMahotela ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti mipando ya m'nyumbayo isalepheretse anthu kutuluka m'nyumba. Zifukwa zomwe zimachititsa kuti zinthu zisamayende bwino ndi monga kugwiritsa ntchito njira zotulukira ngati malo osungira zinthu panthawi yokonzanso kapena kusonkhanitsa zinthu kwakanthawi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti njira yotulukira m'nyumba ikhale yoipa.
• Malamulo Odziwika: Mapulani a chitetezo cha moto ndi kuchotsedwa kwa anthu ku New York City akuphatikizapo ziwerengero za nyumba, masitepe, ma elevator, mpweya wabwino, ndi ma diagram. Komabe, salamulira mwachindunji malo oika mipando. Mofananamo, malamulo omanga ku Los Angeles amayang'ana kwambiri zolinga zazikulu monga kuteteza moyo ndi katundu, popanda tsatanetsatane wokhudza malo oika mipando kuti atetezeke pamoto. Chifukwa chake, mahotela ayenera kutsatira mfundo zazikulu za chitetezo cha moto ndi malangizo a woyang'anira moto okhudza kutuluka bwino.

Njira Yabwino Yogulira Mipando ya ku Hotelo Yogwirizana

Kupeza zinthu zovomerezekamipando ya hoteloimafuna njira yolongosoka komanso yodziwitsidwa bwino. Mahotela ayenera kupitirira kuganizira za kukongola ndi kuika patsogolo chitetezo, kupezeka mosavuta, ndi kutsatira malamulo kuyambira pachiyambi. Njira yogulira zinthu mwanzeruyi imachepetsa zoopsa ndikutsimikizira malo otetezeka komanso omasuka kwa alendo onse.

Kusamala Kwambiri Pozindikira Malamulo Oyenera Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mipando ya Hotelo

Mahotela ayenera kuchita kafukufuku wokwanira kuti adziwe malamulo onse oyenera. Kafukufuku wofulumirayu akutsimikizira kuti zosankha zonse za mipando zikukwaniritsa zofunikira zalamulo zomwe zilipo. Maboma ndi mabungwe apadziko lonse lapansi akukhazikitsa malamulo okhwima pa zipangizo, njira zopangira, ndi njira zokhazikika pakupanga mipando. Kusintha kumeneku kumakhudza kwambiri msika wa mipando ya mahotela. Mahotela amatha kufufuza zosintha zamalamulo zomwe zikuchitika komanso zomwe zikubwera pofufuza magwero osiyanasiyana odalirika. Magwero awa akuphatikizapo mabungwe aboma, mabungwe olamulira, ma database ndi ma directories odalirika (monga Bloomberg, Wind Info, Hoovers, Factiva, ndi Statista), ndi mabungwe amakampani. Kukhala ndi chidziwitso chokhudza miyezo yomwe ikusintha ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mutsatire malamulo kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kusankha Ogulitsa Odziwika Bwino a Mipando ya Hotelo Yogwirizana ndi Malamulo

Kusankha wogulitsa woyenera ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakuonetsetsa kuti mipando ikutsatira malamulo. Mahotela ayenera kuwunika ogulitsa omwe angakhalepo kutengera mfundo zingapo zofunika. Ayenera kufunafuna ogulitsa omwe ali ndi mbiri yabwino komanso mbiri yabwino m'makampani. Ogulitsa awa ayenera kukhala ndi zaka zambiri zogwira ntchito m'mahotela. Ayeneranso kupereka umboni wa mgwirizano wabwino komanso kukwaniritsa nthawi yomaliza. Umboni wa makasitomala, maphunziro a milandu, ndi maulendo ochokera ku fakitale amapereka chidziwitso chofunikira pa luso ndi kudalirika kwa wogulitsa.

Kuphatikiza apo, mahotela ayenera kuwonetsetsa kuti ogulitsa akutsatira miyezo yokhwima yachitetezo ndi mafakitale. Izi zikuphatikizapo kuchepetsa moto, malire a poizoni, ndi kapangidwe ka ergonomic. Ogulitsa ayenera kupereka ziphaso monga miyezo ya ISO, ziphaso zachitetezo cha moto, kapena ziphaso zoyenera zachigawo. Zikalatazi zimateteza alendo ndi bizinesi ya hotelo ku zovuta. Kuwunika kupezeka kwa wopanga pamsika ndi mbiri yokhazikika ndikofunikiranso. Ogulitsa odziwa bwino ntchito nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi njira zosavuta komanso kumvetsetsa bwino zosowa za alendo. Alinso ndi mndandanda wa mapulojekiti omwe atsirizidwa. Kuyang'ana ndemanga, kupempha maumboni, ndi kupita kumalo omwe adayikidwa kale kungatsimikizire kudalirika kwawo.

Pokambirana ndi ogulitsa, mahotela ayenera kufunsa mafunso enieni kuti atsimikizire kumvetsetsa kwawo ndi kutsatira malamulo a mipando ya mahotela aku US. Mafunso awa akuphatikizapo mafunso okhudza mayeso oletsa moto omwe bungwe la National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) limapereka pa mipando yopangidwa ndi upholstery. Mahotela ayeneranso kufunsa za Miyezo ya BIFMA yokhudza kulimba kwa kapangidwe kake, yogwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana za mipando monga masofa, matebulo am'mbali, ndi mipando ya bar. Ogulitsa ayeneranso kutsatira miyezo ya ASTM ndi American National Standards Institute (ANSI) yomwe imakhudza kulimba kwa moto ndi kulimba kwa kapangidwe kake. Mafunso ena ofunikira akukhudza miyezo yotha kuyaka, kulimba kwa kuyaka, malamulo oteteza moto, ndi kutsatira malamulo a ADA.

Kufotokozera Zipangizo Zotetezera ndi Zogwirizana ndi Mipando ya Hotelo

Kufotokozera zinthu kumakhudza mwachindunji chitetezo ndi kutsatira malamulo a mipando ya hotelo. Mahotela ayenera kusankha zipangizo zomwe zimakwaniritsa miyezo yokhwima yoyaka moto komanso yolimba. Pa nsalu ndi thovu zomwe sizimayaka moto, mipando ndi matiresi opangidwa ndi upholstery m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri ayenera kukwaniritsa miyezo yoyaka moto yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ndi ASTM E 1537 kapena California Technical Bulletin 133. Matiresi amafunikira makamaka kutsatira California Technical Bulletin 129. California Technical Bulletin 133 ndiyo njira yoyesera yogwiritsira ntchito mipando kuti iyaka m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri. Ngakhale California Technical Bulletin 117 ndi muyezo wofunikira pa mipando yokhala ndi upholstery m'nyumba, malo ambiri opezeka anthu ambiri ali ndi mipando yomwe imakwaniritsa muyezo uwu wokha. Mayeso ena ofunikira ndi monga NFPA 701 Test 1 ya zovala zofunda, NFPA 260 ya upholstery, ndi ASTM E-84 Yogwiritsidwa ntchito pakhoma. NFPA 260 imayesa kukana kwa nsalu ya upholstery kuyaka ndi ndudu yomwe ikutuluka utsi. NFPA 701 Test #1 imagawa nsalu za makatani ndi nsalu zina zopachikidwa. CAL/TB 117 imagawa nsalu za upholstery m'magulu, makamaka kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito mkati mwa California.

Kuti mipando ya hotelo ikhale yolimba komanso yogwirizana ndi malamulo, zipangizo zinazake zimapereka ntchito yabwino kwambiri. Matabwa olimba monga Ipe, Teak, Oak, Cherry wood, Maple, Acacia, Eucalyptus, ndi Mahogany amapereka mphamvu, mphamvu, komanso kulimba kwa nthawi yayitali. Ma laminates apamwamba a nsungwi ndi plywood yapamwamba amaperekanso ntchito yolimba komanso yokhazikika. Pa pulasitiki, HDPE yokhazikika pa kapangidwe kake ndi yodalirika kwambiri chifukwa cha kukhazikika kwake, mphamvu, komanso kukana nyengo. Polycarbonate imapereka mphamvu yapadera yokhudza kugwedezeka, ndipo ABS imapereka kapangidwe koyera komanso kolimba m'malo olamulidwa. Zitsulo monga zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri (304 ndi 316) zimapereka mphamvu yokhalitsa komanso kukana dzimbiri kwabwino. Chitsulo chozizira chimapereka ntchito yolimba, yolondola, komanso yotsika mtengo, ndipo aluminiyamu yotulutsidwa (6063) imapereka mphamvu yopepuka komanso kusinthasintha kwa kapangidwe. Zipangizozi zimaonetsetsa kuti mipando imatha kupirira kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndikusunga umphumphu wake pakapita nthawi.

Zolemba Zofunikira ndi Chitsimikizo cha Mipando ya Hotelo

Kusunga zikalata zonse ndi ziphaso ndikofunikira kwambiri posonyeza kutsata malamulo panthawi yowunikira. Mahotela ayenera kupempha ziphaso zinazake kuchokera kwa opanga mipando. Izi zikuphatikizapo chiphaso cha BIFMA LEVEL®, chiphaso cha FEMB level, chiphaso cha UL GREENGUARD (ndi chiphaso cha UL GREENGUARD Gold), ndi BIFMA M7.1 Testing ya VOC Emissions kuchokera ku Office Furniture and Seating. California Proposition 65 Compliance Services ndi Environmental Product Declaration Certification nazonso ndizofunikira.

Pazifukwa zowunikira, mahotela ayenera kukhala ndi zikalata zofunika zosiyanasiyana. Izi zikuphatikizapo malipoti a mayeso a chipani chachitatu, Zikalata Zowunikira Zinthu (COAs), mapepala omalizira deta, ndi mafotokozedwe a phukusi. Chitsimikizo cholembedwa cha kapangidwe ka zinthu, nthawi zambiri zaka 3-5 pazinthu za mgwirizano, ndichofunikanso. Mahotela ayenera kusunga zikalata zovomerezeka ndi zinthu, monga ma swatches a veneer/nsalu okhala ndi deta yoyesera, ndi zivomerezo za panel yomaliza. Zivomerezo za mayunitsi oyendetsa zoyimira kupanga ndizofunikanso. Zolemba za ISO 9227 salt spray exposure for hardware, komwe kuli chiopsezo cha dzimbiri, ndizofunikira. Zolemba zotsatizana ndi kuyaka, kuphatikiza zofunikira ndi zilembo za California TB117-2013, ndi magulu a zigawo za NFPA 260, ziyenera kupezeka mosavuta. Zolemba zotsatizana ndi utsi wotulutsa mpweya, monga kutsatira TSCA Title VI, zilembo, ndi zikalata zotumizira kunja motsatira malangizo a pulogalamu ya EPA, ndi gulu la E1 lotsimikiziridwa ndi njira ya chipinda cha EN 717-1, zimafunikanso. Zolemba za TSCA Title VI zoperekedwa ndi ogulitsa za mapanelo ophatikizika ndi zilembo za TB117-2013 ndi deta yoyesera nsalu ndizofunikira. Pomaliza, zikalata zokhudzana ndi miyezo yoyenera yokhala (monga BIFMA X5.4, EN 16139/1728) ndi malipoti a chipani chachitatu komanso kutsata malamulo/kutsata malamulo a labu malinga ndi masamba a pulogalamu ya EPA TSCA Title VI ya katundu wopita ku US ndizofunikira.

Malangizo Okhazikitsa ndi Kuyika Mipando ya Hotelo

Kukhazikitsa ndi kuyika mipando moyenera ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti alendo atetezeke komanso kuti atsatire miyezo yolowera. Mahotela ayenera kumangirira mipando ndi ma TV pakhoma kapena pansi pogwiritsa ntchito mabulaketi, ma braces, kapena zingwe za pakhoma. Ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti ma nangula amangidwa pakhoma kuti akhale olimba kwambiri. Kuyika maloko oletsa ana pa ma drawer kumalepheretsa kuti asatuluke ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati masitepe okwera. Kuyika zinthu zolemera pa mashelufu apansi kapena ma drawer kumachepetsa mphamvu yokoka. Mahotela ayenera kupewa kuyika zinthu zolemera, monga ma TV, pamwamba pa mipando yomwe siipangidwira kunyamula katundu wotere. Kusunga zoseweretsa za ana, mabuku, ndi zinthu zina pa mashelufu apansi kumachepetsa kukwera. Kuwunika nthawi zonse momwe mipando imayikidwira kumachepetsa zoopsa. Mahotela ayenera kuwunika mipando miyezi 6 iliyonse kuti awone ngati ikugwedezeka kapena kusakhazikika, zomangira zotayirira kapena mipata m'malo olumikizirana, komanso ma nangula omwe akuchoka pakhoma. Kuyika mabulaketi ooneka ngati L kumbuyo kwa makabati ataliatali ndi ma TV stands kumapereka chitetezo cholimba pakhoma kapena pansi. Kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo champhamvu chozungulira chozizira kapena chitsulo cha carbon chomwe chili ndi S235 kapena kupitirira apo pazinthu zomangira, chokhala ndi ma weld olimbikitsidwa pamalo opsinjika, kumawonjezera kulimba. Kupanga ma doko olowera kuti ayang'anire ma bolt kumathandiza kuyang'ana nthawi zonse zomangira ndikusintha mwachangu zinthu zotayirira kapena zowonongeka. Kapangidwe ka mipando yozungulira kumathandiza kusintha zinthu pamalopo, zomwe zimachepetsa zovuta ndi ndalama zokonzera.

Pofuna kuyika mipando, mahotela ayenera kukhala ndi njira zowonekera bwino komanso zofikira mosavuta ku ADA m'zipinda ndi m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri. Njira zoyendera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri m'malo ogwirira ntchito antchito ziyenera kutsatira m'lifupi mwa mainchesi 36. Zosiyana ndi izi zikuphatikizapo malo osakwana masikweya mita 1000 omwe amafotokozedwa ndi zida zokhazikika komanso njira zozungulira zida za malo ogwirira ntchito zomwe ndi gawo lofunikira la malo ogwirira ntchito. Zinthu zowonekera siziyenera kupitirira mainchesi 4 panjira iliyonse yoyendera, kuphatikizapo zomwe zili m'malo antchito, kuti zitsimikizire chitetezo cha anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kuwona. Njira zofikira ziyenera kukhala zosachepera mainchesi 36 m'lifupi. Ngati kutembenuka kwa madigiri 180 kwapangidwa mozungulira chinthu chosakwana mainchesi 48 m'lifupi, m'lifupi mwake kuyenera kukhala osachepera mainchesi 42 kuyandikira ndi kutuluka potembenukira, ndi mainchesi 48 potembenukira komweko. Matseko m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri ayenera kupereka m'lifupi mwake osachepera mainchesi 32. Pa zitseko zozungulira, muyeso uwu umatengedwa pakati pa nkhope ya chitseko ndi chitseko pamene chitseko chatsegulidwa pa madigiri 90. Matseko ozama kuposa mainchesi 24 amafuna kutseguka kosachepera mainchesi 36. Njira yofikira patebulo lililonse lofikira iyenera kukhala ndi malo omveka bwino a mainchesi 30 ndi 48 pamalo aliwonse okhala, ndi mainchesi 19 a malo awa akufalikira pansi pa tebulo kuti miyendo ndi bondo zitseguke. Malo ogona osachepera amodzi ayenera kukhala ndi malo omveka bwino a mainchesi osachepera 30 ndi 48 mbali zonse ziwiri za bedi, oyikidwa kuti agwirizane.

Kupewa Mavuto Ofala Potsatira Malamulo a Zipando za Hotelo

Mahotela nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana akamagula mipando. Kumvetsetsa zolakwika izi kumathandiza kuonetsetsa kuti malamulo onse atsatiridwa komanso kuti alendo akhale otetezeka.

Kuopsa Konyalanyaza Kusiyanasiyana Kwapafupi mu Malamulo a Zipangizo za Hotelo

Malamulo a boma amapereka maziko, koma malamulo am'deralo nthawi zambiri amaika zofunikira zina komanso zokhwima. Mahotela ayenera kufufuza malamulo enaake aboma ndi a boma. Mwachitsanzo, California ili ndi malamulo apadera a mipando. California Technical Bulletin 117, yomwe idasinthidwa mu 2013, imafuna miyezo yeniyeni yotsutsa utsi wa mipando yophimbidwa ndi upholstery. California imafunanso 'ma label a malamulo' pa mipando yophimbidwa ndi upholstery, kufotokozera zinthu zodzaza ndi ziphaso, zomwe zimasiyana ndi miyezo ya boma. Kuphatikiza apo, California Proposition 65 imafuna machenjezo ngati mipando ili ndi zinthu zomwe zimadziwika kuti zimayambitsa khansa kapena kuvulaza kubereka, monga formaldehyde kapena lead, zomwe zimapitirira malire otetezeka a doko.

Chifukwa chiyani "Gulu la Zamalonda" Silitanthauza Nthawi Zonse Kutsatira Mipando ya Hotelo

Mawu akuti "kalasi yamalonda" satsimikizira kuti zinthu zonse ziyenera kutsatiridwa bwino pakugwiritsa ntchito hotelo. Ngakhale kuti mipando yamalonda imapirira magalimoto ambiri kuposa zinthu zogulitsa, sizingakwaniritse miyezo yonse yokhwima ya hotelo. Mipando yogwirizana ndi hotelo, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti mipando yogwirizana, imayesedwa mwamphamvu ndi satifiketi ya ANSI/BIFMA. Izi zimatsimikizira kutsatira malamulo okhudzana ndi chitetezo, moto, ndi kupezeka mosavuta. Mwachitsanzo, satifiketi ya GREENGUARD Gold imayika malire otsika a VOC ndipo imaphatikizapo miyezo yokhudzana ndi thanzi la anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima, kupitirira miyezo yonse ya GREENGUARD. Kuphatikiza apo, mipando yogwirizana ndi malamulo nthawi zambiri imakwaniritsa miyezo yoteteza moto monga CAL 133, mayeso ovuta kwambiri a zinthu zokhala pansi.

Zotsatira za Kukonza ndi Kuvala pa Kutsatira Malamulo a Mipando ya Hotelo

Ngakhale mipando yoyambirira yogwirizana ndi malamulo ikhoza kusatsatira malamulo chifukwa cha kuwonongeka. Kusamalira nthawi zonse n'kofunika kwambiri. Zizindikiro za kuwonongeka zimaphatikizapo malo olumikizirana omasuka ndi kugwedezeka kwa chimango, zomwe zimaoneka ngati mipata kapena kuyenda pansi pa kupanikizika. Ma veneer ndi utoto wotuluka, womwe umadziwika ndi kukweza m'mbali kapena malo otumphukira, umawonetsanso kuwonongeka. M'mbali zakuthwa, zomalizidwa mopanda kukhazikika, ma cushion otsetsereka, ndi kusoka kosayenera kungayambitse ngozi zachitetezo. Mahotela ayenera kuwunika mipando nthawi zonse kuti adziwe ndikuthana ndi mavutowa, kupewa kuvulala komwe kungachitike komanso kusunga malamulo.

Ndalama Zanthawi Yaitali Zokhudza Kugwirizana kwa Mipando ya Hotelo Chifukwa cha Ndalama

Kusankha mipando yotsika mtengo kuti musunge ndalama poyamba nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa ndalama zambiri kwa nthawi yayitali. Kugwirizana kotereku chifukwa cha bajeti kumafuna kusinthidwa msanga, makamaka m'malo omwe anthu ambiri amakhala ndi magalimoto ambiri ku hotelo. Mipando yokhazikika ya hotelo, ngakhale kuti ndi ndalama zambiri zoyambira, imachepetsa kwambiri ndalama zokonzera ndi kusinthira chifukwa cha kulimba kwake. Mipando yosasamalidwa bwino kapena yooneka ngati yowonongeka ingathandizenso kuti milandu iwonekere mosavuta. Izi zimapangitsa kuti odandaula azitsutsa kusasamala pankhani za udindo, makamaka ngati mipandoyo ikulephera kutsatira malamulo achitetezo kapena opezeka mosavuta.

Mahotela amaonetsetsa kuti mipando ikugwirizana ndi malamulo kudzera mu kafukufuku wozama,kusankha kwa ogulitsa odalirika, ndi mfundo zenizeni za zinthu. Amasunga zikalata zofunika ndipo amatsatira malangizo okhwima okhazikitsa. Kutsatira malamulo mosamala kumateteza alendo ndikukweza mbiri ya hoteloyo. Kusamala nthawi zonse posankha ndi kukonza mipando kumakhala kofunika kwambiri kuti pakhale chitetezo chokhazikika komanso magwiridwe antchito abwino.

FAQ

Kodi lamulo lofunika kwambiri pa mipando ya hotelo ndi liti?

California TB 117-2013 ndi muyezo wofunikira kwambiri. Umawunika momwe mipando yopangidwa ndi upholstery imakanira kuyaka ndudu. Mayiko ambiri amatsatira muyezo umenewu.

Kodi kutsatira malamulo a ADA kumakhudza bwanji kusankha malo ogona ku hotelo?

Kutsatira malamulo a ADA kumafuna kutalika kwa bedi komwe kungapezeke mosavuta. Bungwe la ADA National Network limalimbikitsa kutalika kwa bedi pakati pa mainchesi 20 mpaka 23 kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba pa matiresi kuti kusamutsidwa mosavuta.

N’chifukwa chiyani “magiredi amalonda” nthawi zonse samakhala okwanira pa mipando ya hotelo?

Mipando ya "malonda" mwina siingakwaniritse miyezo yonse yokhwima ya hotelo. Mipando yogwirizana ndi hoteloyi imayesedwa mwamphamvu kuti ione ngati ili yotetezeka, yoyaka moto, komanso yopezeka mosavuta.